physical withdrawal

To ameliorate the physical function, to chang abusing pattern and to control the withdrawal symptom can improve the quality of life and mental health level of heroin addicts.

改善躯体功能障碍、改变滥用方式、控制戒断症状可提高海洛因依赖者的生命质量与心理健康水平。

METHODS: The models of morphine physical dependent rats and withdrawal syndrome were established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing doses and abdominal cavity injection of naloxone respectively.

方法：应用剂量递增法皮下注射盐酸吗啡建立吗啡躯体依赖模型，采用腹腔注射纳络酮建立催促戒断模型，大鼠在给予吗啡的同时，采用4种不同剂量PNS进行灌胃。

Results The characteristics of alcohol dependent patients included psychological dependence, physical dependence, withdrawal syndrome and tolerance.

结果酒依赖者的特点包括精神依赖性、躯体依赖性、戒断综合征及耐受性；

Physical dependence of buprenorphine was assessed using 30 items opiate withdrawal scale ( OWS), which composed of 30 symptoms/ signs.

调查内容包括药物滥用史，Bup一般使用情况和药物依赖性评价等。Bup的身体依赖性采用30项阿片戒断症状量表（OWS）评价。

The intense physical discomfort of withdrawal.

戒毒期间身体上的极度不适。

Methods: Rat and mice were given increasing doses of morphine to produce physical dependence and withdrawal syndromes were precipitated by im naloxone.

方法：采用剂量递增法复制吗啡依赖小鼠和大鼠模型，注射纳洛酮催促产生戒断症状。

Methods The physical dependence model was induced by repeated sc morphine daily in mice and then withdrawal symptom was induced by ip naloxone.

方法反复sc吗啡建立小鼠吗啡身体依赖模型，以ip纳洛酮诱发其戒断症状。

CONCLUSION The physical withdrawal syndromes and the content of NO in plasma and brain tissue in morphine dependent mice are inhibited by MT.

结论褪黑激素可抑制小鼠吗啡戒断反应并降低由戒断反应引起的血浆和脑组织中NO含量的升高。

The main reasons for this high relapse rate were: protracted withdrawal syndromes ( 60%), main physical factor;

复吸原因：稽延性戒断症状是产生复吸的主要身体原因（占60%）；